【名词性从句语法填空、改错针对性练习(2018年)】在英语学习过程中，名词性从句是一个非常重要的语法知识点。它不仅出现在各类考试中，如高考、四六级、考研英语等，也是日常写作和口语表达中不可或缺的一部分。为了帮助学生更好地掌握这一语法结构，本文将围绕“名词性从句”的语法填空与改错题型进行专项练习，并结合2018年的相关真题进行解析，提升学生的实际应用能力。
一、什么是名词性从句？
名词性从句是指在句子中充当名词作用的从句，可以作主语、宾语、表语或同位语。常见的引导词包括：that、whether、if、what、who、whom、whose、when、where、why、how 等。
例如：
- I know that he is coming.（宾语从句）
- The question is whether we should go.（表语从句）
- What he said surprised everyone.（主语从句）
二、常见错误类型及分析
在实际考试中，考生常因对名词性从句的结构理解不清而出现以下错误：
1. 引导词使用不当
- 错误：I don’t know if he will come.
正确：I don’t know whether he will come.
（说明：当引导的是一个选择疑问时，通常用“whether”而不是“if”）
2. 缺少引导词
- 错误：She asked me I was going.
正确：She asked me whether I was going.
（说明：宾语从句前必须有引导词，不能省略）
3. 语序错误
- 错误：Do you know where did she go?
正确：Do you know where she went?
（说明：名词性从句应使用陈述语序，而非疑问语序）
4. 逻辑关系混乱
- 错误：He told me that he had seen the movie, which made me happy.
正确：He told me that he had seen the movie, and it made me happy.
（说明：避免使用“which”引导的非限制性定语从句来修饰整个主句）
三、语法填空练习（附答案）
请根据上下文，在空白处填入适当的词或形式。
1. I wonder ______ he is late again.
答案：why
2. The teacher asked us ______ we had finished our homework.
答案：whether / if
3. She is not sure ______ she can pass the exam.
答案：whether / if
4. What the doctor said made me feel ______.
答案：better
5. He didn't tell me ______ he would come.
答案：when
四、改错练习（找出错误并改正）
1. Do you know that she is from China?
错误： “that” 应改为 “whether” 或 “if”
正确： Do you know whether she is from China?
2. I don’t understand what he said.
错误： 无错误
正确： I don’t understand what he said.
3. She asked me that I was tired.
错误： “that” 应改为 “whether” 或 “if”
正确： She asked me whether I was tired.
4. The problem is how can we solve it.
错误： 语序错误
正确： The problem is how we can solve it.
5. I think that he is right.
错误： 无错误
正确： I think that he is right.
五、总结
名词性从句是英语语法中的重点内容，尤其在考试中频繁出现。通过系统的练习和不断的积累，学生可以逐步提高对这类从句的理解和运用能力。本文提供的语法填空与改错练习，结合了2018年相关真题，旨在帮助学生巩固基础知识，提升解题技巧，为今后的学习打下坚实的基础。
建议： 在复习过程中，建议多做历年真题，结合语境理解不同引导词的使用场景，并注意语序和逻辑关系的准确性。只有在不断实践中，才能真正掌握这一语法点。
